2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
© 2011 UPPO. All rights reserved. 1
Foreign Unclaimed PropertyForeignUnclaimedPropertyPresentedBy:
J.BrookeSpotswood,Esq. MichaelRato,Esq.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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InState,OutofState?It’s All Foreign to Me!It sAllForeigntoMe!
lForeignUnclaimedPropertyWithintheUnitedStates
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Overview of U S Laws onOverviewofU.S.LawsonForeignEscheat
A. Federal Common LawA. FederalCommonLaw1. Texas v.NewJersey2. Pennsylvania v.NewYork3. Delaware v.NewYork
B. StateStatutoryLaw1. Uniform
a) UniformUnclaimedPropertyActof1954&1966
b) UniformUnclaimedPropertyActof1981&19951995
2. Idiosyncratic:Delaware
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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UniformUnclaimedPropertyActsof1954&1966
• TheUUPAof1954&1966makesnospecificprovision for Foreign PropertyprovisionforForeignProperty.
• However,thefirsttwoversionsoftheUUPAfocuseduponproperty“heldorowing”inastateratherthana“lastknownaddress”inastate.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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UniformUnclaimedPropertyActsof1981&1995
SECTION36(1981);SECTION26(1995)
FOREIGN ESCHEATFOREIGNESCHEATThisActdoesnotapplytoanypropertyheld,dueandowinginaforeigncountryandarisingoutofaforeigntransaction.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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llPartiallyForeignTransactions(U.S.Companybutnon‐U.S.Owner)
SECTION 3(5) (1981)SECTION3(5)(1981);SECTION4(5)(1995)
[GeneralRulesforTakingCustodyofIntangibleUnclaimedProperty]UnlessotherwiseprovidedinthisActorbyotherstatuteofthisState,intangiblepropertyissubjecttothecustodyofthisStateasunclaimedpropertyiftheconditionsraisingapresumptionofabandonment under Sections 2 and 5 through 16 are satisfied and:abandonmentunderSections2and5through16aresatisfiedand:
5.thelastknownaddress,asshownontherecordsoftheholder,oftheapparentownerisinaforeignnationandtheholderisadomiciliaryorgovernmentorgovernmentalsubdivisionoragencyofthisState;or…g y ;
The Commissioners who drafted the 1995 Act left the language of subsection 5 unchanged but re-numbered Section 3 as Section 4
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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1981 & 1995 U if U l i d1981&1995UniformUnclaimedPropertyAct:OfficialComments
OFFICALCOMMENTTOTHESTATES:SECTION3(5)&SECTION4(5) providesthatwhenthelastknownaddressoftheapparentownerisinaforeignnationthe State in which the holder is domiciled may claim thetheStateinwhichtheholderisdomiciledmayclaimtheproperty.ThisissuewasnotdealtwithbytheSupremeCourtinTexasv.NewJersey,butisarationalextensionofthatruling.
SECTION26&SECTION36.FOREIGNTRANSACTIONS. This[Act]doesnotapplytopropertyheld,due,andowinginaforeigncountryandarisingoutofaforeigntransaction.
The Commissioners who drafted the 1995 Act repeated this comment verbatim.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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& if l i d1981&1995UniformUnclaimedPropertyAct:OtherThoughts
SECTION3(5)&SECTION4(5)Howeverrationalthisprovisionappearstobe,thequestioniswhetherornotanyextensionofaU.S.SupremeCourtruling,nomatterhowlogical,isbinding.
SECTION 26 & SECTION 36 FOREIGN TRANSACTIONSSECTION26&SECTION36.FOREIGNTRANSACTIONS.In1981theCommissionersfirstdraftedaprovisionstoexempt“whollyforeign”transactions.Thisprovisionwasunchangedin1995.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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IsSubsection5Constitutional?Granted these additions make sense However theGrantedtheseadditionsmakesense.However,theU.S.SupremeCourt’srulingdealtwithonlythepriorityamongcompetingstates,notwithjurisdictionoveranindividualwhoisnotaU.S.citizen Can a state legislate beyond or outside of thecitizen.CanastatelegislatebeyondoroutsideoftheTexas v.NewJersey guidelines?What’stheverdict?
NO‐ AmericanPetrofinaCo. v.Nance,859F.2d840(10thCir.1988).
YES‐ RiggsNationalBank v. DistrictofColumbia,581A.2d1229(D.C.App.1990).
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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States Enacting the UniformStatesEnactingtheUniformUnclaimedPropertyActof1981• Alaska Okl h• Alaska• Colorado• DistrictofColumbia• Florida
G i
• Oklahoma• Oregon• RhodeIsland• South Carolina• Georgia
• Idaho• Iowa• Maryland
• SouthCarolina• SouthDakota• Tennessee• Utah
• Michigan• Minnesota• NewHampshire• New Jersey
Utah• Virginia• Washington• WisconsinNewJersey
• NorthDakota • Wyoming
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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St t E ti th U ifStatesEnactingtheUniformUnclaimedPropertyActof1995
• Alabama
• Arizona
• Maine
• Montana
• Arkansas
• Hawaii
• NewMexico
• Nevada
• Indiana
• Kansas
• NorthCarolina
• Vermont
• Louisiana • WestVirginia
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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About DelawareAboutDelawareDelawareisoneofahandfulofstateswhichdidnotadopt the model legislation or specifically provide foradoptthemodellegislationorspecificallyprovidefor“foreigntransactions”initsstatutes.TheDelawareCodeofEscheatdefinestheholder(debtor)asfollows:
DelawareCodeTitle12§1198(6)
(6)"Holder"meansanypersonhavingpossession,custody( ) y p g p yorcontrolofthepropertyofanotherpersonandincludes….everyotherlegalentityincorporatedorcreatedunderthelawsofthisStateordoingbusinessinthisState….
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Indian Reservations Little Known FactsIndianReservations…LittleKnownFacts
• IndianReservationsaresubjecttoTribalOrdinances.
• AnIndiantribalreservationisconsideredasovereignentity,eventhoughthereservationisgeographicallylocated in one or more stateslocatedinoneormorestates.
• Thefiftystateshavenojurisdictionoverthesereservations.However,thetribalreservationsaresubjecttofederaljurisdiction.
• QUESTION:IsareservationastateforthepurposeofTexas v New Jersey?Texasv.NewJersey?
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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U.S.CodeTitle28§ 1360(b).StateciviljurisdictioninactionstowhichIndiansareparties
(b)Nothinginthissectionshallauthorizethealienation,encumbrance,ortaxationofanyrealorpersonalproperty,includingwaterrights,belongingtoanyIndianoranyIndiantribe,band,orcommunitythatisheldintrustbytheUnitedStatesorissubjecttoarestrictionagainstalienationimposedbytheUnitedStates;orshallauthorizeregulationoftheuseofsuchpropertyinamannerinconsistentwithanyFederaltreaty,agreement,orstatuteorwithanyregulationmadepursuantthereto;orshallconferjurisdictionupontheStatetoadjudicate,inprobateproceedingsorotherwise,theownershiporrighttopossessionofsuchpropertyoranyinteresttherein.
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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AroundtheWorldinFifteenMinutesf
U l i d P tUnclaimedPropertyOutsidetheUnitedStates
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Puerto RicoPuertoRico
• P.R.Laws,Title7,pt.VI,Ch.133– MoneyandOtherLiquidAssetsAbandonedandUnclaimed
– “Other liquid assets”: Assets that can beOtherliquidassets :Assetsthatcanbechangedintomoneywithinatermlessthan1yearwithalossthatdoesnotexceed50%ofvaluevalue
– Generally,5yeardormancyperiod– ReportsdueAugust10asofprecedingJune30th30th
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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U.S.VirginIslands•Basedupon1981UniformAct
– 5yeardormancyperiodformostpropertytypes15 yrs for travelers’ checks 7 years for money– 15yrsfortravelers’checks,7yearsformoneyorders,3yearsforgiftcertificates,1yearforpayroll
– Normalduediligencerequirement($50cutoff)– ReportdueNovember1asofprecedingJune
30th30th
– Interestandpenaltiesfornoncompliance
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Canada (Alberta)Canada(Alberta)• UnclaimedPersonalProperty&VestedPropertyAct(eff.
Sept.2008)
• CoverageanddormancyperiodssimilartoUniformUnclaimedPropertyAct– Payroll(1year),Lifeinsurance(3years),Securitiesandy ( y ), ( y ),
otherunspecifiedproperty(5years),Moneyorders(7years),Travelers’checks(15years),Giftcardsexempt
• Jurisdiction– HolderdoingbusinessinAlberta,withAlbertaowner– HolderbasedinAlberta,notcarryingonbusinessina
reciprocatingjurisdiction,butwhoserecordsshowtheapparent owner’s last known address to be in thatapparentowner slastknownaddresstobeinthatjurisdiction
– HolderbasedinAlberta,unknownowner
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Canada (Quebec)Canada(Quebec)• Propertycovered:
– Bank depositsBankdeposits– Checks,drafts,andbillsofexchange– Amountspayablefortherepaymentorredemptionofdebt securitiesdebtsecurities
– Securitiesandotherassetsreceivedbyasecuritiesadviserorbroker
– Lifeinsuranceproceedsp• Generally3yeardormancy• Propertyheldbyprovincefor10years,or30yearsif
valuedatC$500ormore$• Feesof10%(uptoC$1,000)torecoverpropertyfrom
province
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Canada(BritishColumbia)• “Mandatory”Holdersy
– CreditUnions– DebtCollectionAgencies– Municipalities & CourtsMunicipalities&Courts– RealEstateAgencies– Companiesinliquidation
• Other holders are voluntary• Otherholdersarevoluntary• Propertytypescovered:lifeinsurancepolicies,
propertyinsurancepolices,trustfunds,deposits,money ordersmoneyorders
• Duediligencerequired
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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C I l dCaymanIslands
• DormantAccountsLawof2010– 7yeardormancyperiod
• Propertyheldintrustbygovernmentforadditional6yearsy
– AswithmostU.S.unclaimedpropertylaws,oncethefinancialinstitutionhasturnedoverthefunds,theowner must claim the funds from the governmentownermustclaimthefundsfromthegovernment
– Notificationrequirements• NewspaperpublicationforCaymanresidentsLi ti b k b it t b k’ i i l ffi• Listingonbankwebsiteoratbank’sprincipalofficefornon‐residents
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Eastern CaribbeanEasternCaribbean
• Nounclaimedpropertylawsofgeneralapplication
• EasternCaribbeanCentralBank,themonetary, yauthorityforAnguilla,AntiguaandBarbuda,theCommonwealthofDominica,Grenada,Montserrat,StKittsandNevis,StLucia,andStVi t d th G di i t iVincentandtheGrenadines,maintainsanAbandonedPropertyHolderslistofdormantaccountsheldbythoseislands’regulatedfinancial institutionsfinancialinstitutions
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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UnitedKingdom
h // l k• http://www.mylostaccount.org.uk– WebsitemaintainedbyBritishBankers’Association
andothersforunclaimedbankaccounts• http://www.thepensionservice.gov.uk
– Pensiontracingservice• http://www.bonavacantia.gov.ukhttp://www.bonavacantia.gov.uk
– OfficeoftheTreasurySolicitor– Unclaimedestates
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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S it l dSwitzerland
• NounclaimedpropertylawsofgeneralNo unclaimed property laws of generalapplication,butmandatoryrulesformembersofSwissBankersAssociation
B k f d dili if ibl– Banksperformduediligence,ifpossibleunderconfidentialityobligations
– Funds reported and remitted to “CentralFundsreportedandremittedto CentralClaimsOffice”
– Underlyingfundscontinuetoaccrueinterest
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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A t liAustralia
• AdministeredbyAustralianSecuritiesandI t t C i i ( h bl d t b )InvestmentsCommission(searchabledatabase)– http://www.asic.gov.au
• BankingAct– Depositsandotherassetsfrombanks,creditunions,andbuildingsocieties
• CorporationsActp– UnexchangedsharesresultingfromM&Aactivity
• LifeInsuranceAct– Policies unclaimed 7 years after becoming– Policiesunclaimed7yearsafterbecomingpayable
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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N Z l dNewZealand
• Trustee ActTrusteeAct– AllowstrusteestopaymoneyorsecuritiesheldbyatrusttotheCrown.Treasuryholdsmoney for six years and thereaftermoneyforsixyears,andthereaftertransferredtotheCrown
• UnclaimedMoneyAct– Depositsinfinancialinstitutions– Wages– Dividends– Dividends– Propertyheldbysolicitors(lawyers)
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Kenya
l i d l• Nocurrentunclaimedpropertylaw.• Governmentiscurrentlyconsideringthecreation of a “national register” of unclaimedcreationofa nationalregister ofunclaimedpensionbenefits
• Proposalwouldrequirecompaniestoreportandremitunclaimedpensionsaftera“specifieddormancyperiod”
2011 UPPO ANNUAL CONFERENCE MARCH 6-9, 2011
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Questions?Questions?MichaelRato,
McElroy Deutsch Mulvaney & Carpenter LLPMcElroy,Deutsch,Mulvaney&Carpenter,LLP(973)425‐8661
mrato@mdmc‐law.comhttp://www.escheatable.com/
BrookeSpotswoodS t d L OffiSpotswoodLawOffices
(800)948‐7154spotswood@spotswoodlaw [emailprotected]